{"id":370,"date":"2013-04-29T04:39:34","date_gmt":"2013-04-28T20:39:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.gpcommon.org\/ch\/?p=370"},"modified":"2018-11-28T14:56:40","modified_gmt":"2018-11-28T06:56:40","slug":"us-china-difference-in-philanthropy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.gpcommon.org\/ch\/2013\/04\/29\/us-china-difference-in-philanthropy\/","title":{"rendered":"\u51e0\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u4e2d\u6298\u5c04\u51fa\u7684\u4e2d\u7f8e\u6148\u5584\u5dee\u5f02"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u674e\u9896\u751f\uff08 Helen Li \uff09<\/div>\n
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\n<\/div>\n
\u4e2a\u4eba\u6548\u7387\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08PEP\uff09\u4e13\u5bb6\u603b\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u770b\u4ed6\u7684\u684c\u9762\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u884c\u4e1a\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5927\u62b5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u601d\u8def\u3002\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e14\u4ece\u51e0\u4e2a\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6765\u63e3\u6469\u4e00\u4e0b\u4e2d\u7f8e\u516c\u76ca\u6148\u5584\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u5e76\u501f\u6b64\u601d\u8003\u5176\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u6148\u5584\u7684\u542f\u793a\u3002<\/div>\n
[break]<\/div>\n
\u516c\u76ca\uff0c\u6148\u5584\uff0c\u975e\u8425\u5229\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7ec4\u7ec7(NGO)\u662f\u516c\u76ca\u9886\u57df\u91cc\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff1b\u800c\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8bcd: Nonprofit, Charity, Philanthropy, Nonprofit Organizations\uff08NPOs\uff09, Non Governmental Organizations (NGOs)\u3002\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u5728\u4e2d\u7f8e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5185\u6db5\u548c\u5916\u5ef6\u90fd\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u53ef\u60dc\u76ee\u524d\u5f88\u591a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\uff0c\u5e38\u6709\u8bef\u5bfc\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u4eec\u7d22\u6027\u6765\u68b3\u7406\u6e05\u695a\u3002<\/div>\n

1. \u51e0\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u610f\u4e49<\/span><\/h4>\n
\u00a0\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u5206\u5f97\u6bd4\u8f83\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u4ece\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u770b\u3002<\/div>\n
\u00a0[break]<\/div>\n
\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u5927\u90e8\u95e8\uff1a\u653f\u5e9c(public)\uff0c\u5546\u4e1a(for-profit, or, private ), \u975e\u8425\u5229(Nonprofit)\u3002\u975e\u8425\u5229\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u5b83\u79f0\u547c\uff0c\u8b6c\u5982\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u95e8\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u90e8\u95e8\u7b49\u3002\u975e\u8425\u5229\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u6309\u4ef7\u503c\u94fe\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u4e0a\u6e38\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d44\u91d1\u7684\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u3001\u6148\u5584\u5bb6\u7b49\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u79f0\u4e3aphilanthropy, \u4e0b\u6e38\u662f\u6148\u5584\u8d44\u91d1\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u9879\u76ee\u5177\u4f53\u89e3\u51b3\u67d0\u4e00\u7279\u5b9a\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u975e\u8425\u5229\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002\u4e0b\u6e38\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6267\u884c\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u7edf\u79f0\u4e3anonprofit organizations\uff0c\u4e2d\u6e38\u662f\u5bf9\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6e38\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u652f\u6301\u6027\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u5982\u8d22\u52a1\u3001\u54a8\u8be2\u3001\u57f9\u8bad\u3001\u8bc4\u4f30\u7b49\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8bf4\u5230nonprofit\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bed\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6cdb\u6307\u975e\u8425\u5229\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u7279\u6307\u975e\u8425\u5229\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff1b\u6240\u4ee5\u6709\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u4f1a\u7528Nonprofit sector\uff0c\u6765\u6307\u6574\u4e2a\u975e\u8425\u5229\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u800c\u7528Nonprofit Organizations\uff08NPO\uff09\uff0c\u6765\u7279\u6307\u975e\u8425\u5229\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002\u4f46\u7ed3\u5408\u8bed\u5883\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u6307\u660e\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5927\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u8bef\u89e3\u3002\u81f3\u4e8eNGO\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u7279\u6307\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u975e\u8425\u5229\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002[\u5173\u4e8eNonprofit\u548cNot-for-Profit\u7684\u8fa8\u6790\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605\u53e6\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0<\/span><\/a><\/span>\u3002]<\/div>\n
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\u5355\u4ece\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u57fa\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u90e8\u95e8\u76842\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7279\u5f81\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u4e09\u5927\u90e8\u95e8\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e92\u76f8\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u53c8\u4e92\u76f8\u72ec\u7acb\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\u5546\u4e1a\u4e0e\u975e\u8425\u5229\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ee5\u662f\u5426\u8425\u5229\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u540c\u65f6\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e24\u5927\u90e8\u95e8\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ea6\u675f\u3001\u652f\u6301\u3001\u76d1\u7763\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u3002\uff082\uff09\u4ece\u4ef7\u503c\u94fe\u4e0a\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f62\u5f0f\u770b\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u90e8\u95e8\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u94fe\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u3002 \u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u4e5f\u5927\u591a\u662f\u8d44\u52a9\u578b\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u72ec\u7acb\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u4e2d\u3002\u800cNPO\u5927\u591a\u4e13\u4e8b\u9879\u76ee\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u3002<\/div>\n
[break]<\/div>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u770b\u770bphilanthropy\u548ccharity\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u533a\u5206\u3002 \u82f1\u6c49\u5b57\u5178\u91cc\uff0c\u8fd92\u4e2a\u8bcd\u90fd\u88ab\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u6148\u5584\u3002 \u867d\u7136\u666e\u901a\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\u4e5f\u4e0d\u52a0\u533a\u5206\uff1b\u4f46\u4e1a\u5185\u5bf9\u6b64\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8ba4\u4e3aCharity\u662f\u4ee5\u540c\u60c5\u4e3a\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\u7684\u6551\u82e6\u6d4e\u96be\uff1b\u800cphilanthropy\u5e38\u5e38\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u798f\u7949\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u6240\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5927\u5c40\u9762\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u548c\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u8b6c\u5982\uff0c\u5361\u8010\u57fa\u5efa\u7acb\u5168\u7f8e\u7684\u516c\u5171\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u662fphilanthropy\uff0c\u800c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6350\u4e86$100\u7ed9\u4e13\u95e8\u4e3a\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u5bb6\u5ead\u5b69\u5b50\u63d0\u4f9b\u5348\u9910\u7684NPO\uff0c\u8fd9\u662fCharity. \u00a0\u9700\u8981\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0cPhilanthropy\u548cCharity\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ee5\u6350\u8d60\u91d1\u989d\u6765\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8ephilanthropy\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u66f4\u4e3a\u6df1\u8fdc\uff0c\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u89c4\u6a21\u76f8\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002 \u5728phlanthropy\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u90e8\u5206charity\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4f46charity\u7edd\u4e0d\u662fphilanthropy\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u3002 \u4ece\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u8bed\u5883\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6148\u5584\u754c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6148\u5584\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u662f\u6709\u523b\u610f\u533a\u5206\u7684\u3002<\/div>\n

2. \u51e0\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u610f\u4e49<\/span><\/h4>\n
\u00a0\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770b\u7c7b\u4f3c\u51e0\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u8bed\u4e49\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u5206\u6e05\u516c\u76ca\u3001\u6148\u5584\u3001NGO\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/div>\n
\u00a0[break]<\/div>\n
\u4e5f\u66fe\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bcd\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u8ba4\u771f\u7684\uff0c\u7b97\u662f\u5362\u548f\u5728\u300a\u7b2c\u4e09\u529b\u91cf\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u516c\u76ca\u5bf9\u5e94\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684philanthropy\uff0c\u7528\u6148\u5584\u5bf9\u5e94\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684Charity\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89e3\u91ca\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u5728\u4e8e\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86NPO\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002 \u5176\u5b83\u79cd\u79cd\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u526a\u4e0d\u65ad\u3001\u7406\u8fd8\u4e71\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u3002\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bcd\u6c47\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u7406\u4e0d\u6e05\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u6298\u5c04\u7684\u662f\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u7684\u4ea4\u9519\u6df7\u6742\u3002<\/div>\n
\u00a0[break]<\/div>\n
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\u00a0[break]<\/div>\n
\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5355\u5355\u770b\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u53ca\u5176\u76f8\u4e92\u7684\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u4e2d\u7f8e\u6148\u5584\u516c\u76ca\u9886\u57df\u5185\u76843\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u533a\u522b\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u90e8\u95e8\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u548c\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f\u884c\u4e1a\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u94fe\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0d\u540c\uff1b\u4e09\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6148\u5584\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u7ec6\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/div>\n
\u00a0[break]<\/div>\n
\u8fd9\u91cc\u8865\u5145\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5c06philanthropy\u8bd1\u4e3a\u4e2d\u6587\uff0c\u6211\u529b\u4e3b\u8bd1\u4e3a\u201c\u6148\u5584\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u201c\u516c\u76ca\u201d\u6765\u5bf9\u5e94\u3002Philanthropy\u7684\u8bcd\u6839Phil\u662f\u7231\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0canthrop\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5philanthropy\u7684\u672c\u6e90\u662f\u201c\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u7231\u201d\uff1b\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\u201c\u6148\u201d\uff0c\u8bf4\u6587\u89e3\u5b57\u91cc\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u6ce8\u91ca\u4e3a\uff0c\u201c\u7231\u4e5f\uff0c\u4ece\u5fc3\uff0c\u5179\u58f0\u3002\u201d \u00a0\u867d\u7136\u4e1c\u897f\u76f8\u9694\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u76f8\u522b\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u7231\u662f\u672c\u6e90\uff0c\u7231\u6e90\u4e8e\u5fc3\uff0c\u8fbe\u4e8e\u5fc3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u5374\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u5171\u901a\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u7528\u6148\u5584\u5bf9\u5e94philanthropy\uff0c\u5b9e\u5728\u662f\u7edd\u914d\u3002\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\uff0cStrategic Philanthropy\uff0c\u5728\u5584\u5929\u4e0b\u4e2d\u6587\u7f51\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c06\u7edf\u4e00\u4e3a\u201c\u6218\u7565\u6148\u5584\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u6218\u7565\u516c\u76ca\u201d\u3002<\/div>\n
[break]<\/div>\n
\u800c\u516c\u76ca\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u82f1\u8bed\u91cc\u201dNonprofit”\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e7f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6cdb\u6307\u516c\u76ca\u90e8\u95e8\u6216\u8005\u516c\u76ca\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u65e2\u5305\u62ecNGO\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6148\u5584\u673a\u6784\uff1b\u72ed\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7279\u6307\u516c\u76ca\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662fNGO\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002<\/div>\n

3. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u6709\u5dee\u5f02\uff1f<\/span><\/h4>\n
\u00a0\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u5b58\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u533a\u522b\u5462\uff1f\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5355\u4e00\u53e5\uff0c\u4f53\u5236\u4e0d\u540c\u554a\u3002<\/div>\n
[break]<\/div>\n
\u8c08\u5230\u4e2d\u7f8e\u5dee\u522b\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u57fa\u672c\u80fd\u591f\u8fbe\u5230\u201c\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53d8\u5e94\u4e07\u53d8\u201d\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u4e00\u8bf4\uff0c\u53e5\u53f7\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u554a\u3002\u4f53\u5236\u7684\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u4e00\u8e74\u800c\u5c31\uff0c\u4f46\u603b\u6709\u4e9b\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u5427\u3002<\/div>\n
[break]<\/div>\n
\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u601d\u7ef4\u548c\u5386\u53f22\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/div>\n
\u00a0[break]<\/div>\n
\u4ece\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u4eba\u601d\u7ef4\u4ee5\u7ebf\u6027\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u89c1\u957f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u7406\u7406\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u6293\u72c2\u3002\u800c\u53cd\u6620\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4f53\u7cfb\u5efa\u7acb\u8fd8\u662f\u5236\u5ea6\u6267\u884c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bfb\u6c42\u6e05\u6670\u5173\u8054\u548c\u524d\u540e\u8d77\u627f\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u51fb\u7834\uff0c\u6b65\u6b65\u4e3a\u8425\u3002 \u800c\u6211\u4eec\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u64c5\u957f\u6574\u4f53\u601d\u7ef4\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6982\u5ff5\u5e76\u4e0d\u592a\u7ea0\u7ed3\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6a21\u7cca\u548c\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a(ambiquity)\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u5bb9\u5fcd\u6027\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fb9\u8d70\u8fb9\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u6478\u7740\u77f3\u5934\u8fc7\u6cb3\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u7075\u6d3b\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u6709\u5929\u9a6c\u884c\u7a7a\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u8ba9\u4eba\u6478\u4e0d\u7740\u5934\u8111\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0a\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u4eba\u8bf4\uff0c\u7528\u201c\u8111\u201d\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u7528\u201c\u5fc3\u201d\u601d\u8003\u3002<\/div>\n
\u00a0[break]<\/div>\n
\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u66fe\u7ecf\u6709\u4e00\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e2d\u7f8e\u6148\u5584\u76f8\u9694\u6ca1\u6709\u4eca\u5929\u90a3\u4e48\u8fdc\uff0c\u4e24\u56fd\u7684\u6148\u5584\u5176\u5b9e\u90fd\u662f\u4ece\u6551\u6025\u89e3\u56f0\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u6148\u5584\u662f\u4ececharity\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\uff0c\u800ccharity\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\uff0c\u5728\u53e4\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\u6307”\u5bf9\u540c\u80de\u4eec\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u822c\u7684\u7231”(Oxford English Dictionary)\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5728\u8d77\u6e90\u4e0a\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6148\u5584\u4e5f\u662f\u4ece\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5021\u5bfc\u7684\u6d4e\u8d2b\u6551\u96be\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7d27\u6025\u3001\u73b0\u5b9e\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u6551\u52a9\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u3002\u800c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ececharity\u5f80philanthropy\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8fd1\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u653f\u5e9c\u53ca\u653f\u7b56\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u63a2\u7d22\u8c03\u6574\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u67092\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u63a8\u52a8\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u516c\u6c11\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5174\u8d77\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u5de5\u4e1a\u9769\u547d\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u62d3\u5c55\u4e86\u6148\u5584\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4e0d\u5149\u662f\u6709\u94b1\u4eba\u6551\u96be\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u4eba\u4eba\u90fd\u80fd\u53c2\u4e0e\u6539\u53d8\u793e\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u8005\u4ee4\u6148\u5584\u5bb6\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u6ce8\u91cd\u6148\u5584\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/div>\n
\u00a0[break]<\/div>\n
\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u5b97\u65cf\u6148\u5584\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u6148\u5584\u548c\u793e\u56e2\u6148\u5584\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u662f\u6551\u52a9\u6027\u7684charity\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u800c\u6700\u8fd1100\u5e74\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u52a8\u8361\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6148\u5584\u8fdb\u7a0b\u88ab\u6253\u65ad\u4e86\u3002\u800c\u65b0\u4e2d\u56fd\u6210\u7acb\u540e\uff0c\u5148\u662f\u7ec8\u6b62\u6148\u5584\uff0c\u8bf4\u8fd9\u662f\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6709\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6148\u5584\uff1b\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u653f\u5e9c\u5b9e\u5728\u5305\u63fd\u4e0d\u4e86\u5168\u6c11\u798f\u5229\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u9010\u6b65\u653e\u5f00\u6148\u5584\uff0c\u800c\u9996\u6279\u6148\u5584\u673a\u6784\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u6c11\u653f\u90e8\u95e8\u6267\u884c\u6148\u5584\u884c\u4e3a\uff1b95\u5e74\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u5987\u5973\u5927\u4f1a\u524d\u540e\uff0c\u624d\u706b\u901f\u51fa\u73b0NGO\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002<\/div>\n
\u00a0[break]<\/div>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c97\u7ebf\u6761\u7684\u56de\u987e\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6148\u5584\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u6ca1\u6709\u7ecf\u5386\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u6f14\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b( organic growth )\uff1a\u4ece\u524d\u5b97\u65cf\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u793e\u56e2\u7684\u6839\u65ad\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u653f\u5e9c\u6001\u5ea6\u548c\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u6447\u6446\uff0c\u53c8\u7ed9\u65b0\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u9020\u6210\u5f88\u591a\u601d\u60f3\u4e0a\u7684\u56f0\u60d1\u4ee5\u53ca\u6210\u957f\u73af\u5883\u4e0a\u7684\u5236\u7ea6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u6148\u5584\uff0c\u4ece\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u6709\u70b9\u50cf\u5c11\u5e74\u4eba\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\uff0c\u5a74\u513f\u7684\u5fc3\u548c\u8111\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5904\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u6148\u5584\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u7406\u5ff5\u548c\u610f\u8bc6\u8fd8\u505c\u7559\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u56f0\u60d1\u3002<\/div>\n

4. \u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u542f\u793a\uff1f<\/span><\/h4>\n
\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u6148\u5584\u4e8b\u4e1a\uff0c\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u542f\u793a\u5462\uff1f<\/div>\n
\u00a0[break]<\/div>\n
\uff081\uff09\u7406\u987a\u4ef7\u503c\u94fe\uff0c\u591a\u53d1\u5c55\u8d44\u52a9\u578b\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a<\/strong><\/div>\n
\u00a0[break]<\/div>\n
\u53bb\u4e71\u53bb\u566a\u5f88\u5173\u952e\u3002\u4ece\u516c\u76ca\u6148\u5584\u884c\u4e1a\u5185\u90e8\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u7406\u987a\u4ef7\u503c\u94fe\uff0c\u7406\u987a\u8c01\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/div>\n
[break]<\/div>\n
\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u4ece\u8fd0\u4f5c\u578b\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230\u8d44\u52a9\u578b\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u5fc5\u8981\u3002\u6148\u5584\u8d44\u91d1\u5176\u5b9e\u5f88\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u8d77\u5230\u56db\u4e24\u62e8\u5343\u65a4\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5b9e\u5728\u662f\u770b\u8f7b\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u800c\u8d44\u52a9\u578b\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u201c\u9879\u76ee\u5f0f\u601d\u7ef4\u201d\uff0c\u8f6c\u5411\u201c\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u601d\u7ef4\u201d\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u7eaf\u4e3a\u4e86\u8d44\u52a9\u9879\u76ee\u6216\u8005\u81ea\u8eab\u54c1\u724c\u53bb\u8d44\u52a9\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u9879\u76ee\u8d44\u52a9\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u79ef\u6781\u652f\u6301NGO\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u89e3\u51b3\u5176\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/div>\n
[break]<\/div>\n
NGO\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u9010\u6b65\u7ec6\u5206\uff0c\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u754c\u5b9a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4f7f\u547d\u548c\u95ee\u9898\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u8d70\u5411\u4e13\u4e1a\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u578b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6e38\u90fd\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u7f3a\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5927\u529b\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/div>\n
[break]<\/div>\n
\uff082\uff09\u63a8\u52a8\u90e8\u5206Charity\u5411Philanthropy\u7684\u8f6c\u578b<\/strong><\/div>\n
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